The age of an article of evidence must be viable for the period under examination.

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Age matters where evidence is concerned.

For example, a policy sample collected to satisfy a control requirement must be current, and when the audit period is ending, be no older than one year from the policy date, or no older than the recertification cycle for that policy as stated by the client organization.

Another example is that if an auditor obtains evidence through inquiry, direct observation, screenshot, testing a system or obtaining a file sample such as a configuration file from the client during direct observation, again, the collection date must be within the period of examination, but no older than one year from the date of collection if the audit exceeds one year.

It is uncommon for audits to exceed one year; however common causes are when clients fail to fully participate in the process.

This is described as spoilage when the audit evidence has expired.

Michael Peters

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Michael Peters is a prominent cybersecurity expert and entrepreneur, serving as the CEO and founder of Lazarus Alliance, a proactive cybersecurity firm established in 2000, and Continuum GRC, a leading governance, risk, and compliance (GRC) software platform he launched in 2015. A U.S. Air Force veteran with early experience in defensive fire control systems, Peters holds an Executive Juris Doctor in Cyberspace Law, an MBA in IT Management, and numerous certifications including CISSP, CISM, CRISC, and QSA. Recognized as an industry disruptor, he has authored books, thousands of articles, and innovative tools like the IT Audit Machine, helping organizations worldwide achieve compliance and mitigate cyber risks. Based in Scottsdale, Arizona, Peters is also an ISSA Hall of Fame recipient dedicated to advancing information security excellence.